Depression is a serious medical condition that affects much more than a person’s mood.It manifests itself through a range of emotional, cognitive, physical and behavioral symptoms. Its health consequences are far-reaching, and can be devastating if not properly managed.
Emotional and cognitive consequences
- Altered thinking: Depression can lead to chronic negative thinking, low self-esteem, feelings of hopelessness or excessive guilt.
- Reduced motivation: The ability to undertake activities, set goals and experience pleasure is often reduced, leading to disengagement in various areas of life.
- Suicide risk: In the most severe cases, depression can lead to suicidal thoughts and attempts.
Physiological consequences
- Sleep disorders: Insomnia or hypersomnia are common, with consequences such as fatigue, reduced cognitive capacity and a weakened immune system.
- Disturbed appetite: Depression can lead to weight loss or weight gain due to reduced or increased appetite.
- Aches and pains: People with depression may experience unexplained aches and pains, headaches or digestive problems.
- Weakened immune system: Depression can make the body more vulnerable to infection and disease.
Behavioral consequences
- Social isolation: The tendency to isolate can aggravate depressive symptoms, reducing opportunities for social support.
- Substance abuse: Some may turn to alcohol, drugs or medication to relieve their symptoms, creating a cycle of dependency.
- Personal neglect: Decreased interest in personal hygiene or other daily care may occur.
Long-term consequences
- Chronic diseases: Untreated depression can increase the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease.
- Reduced life expectancy: due to associated risks such as suicide, chronic illness or substance abuse.
- Relational and professional difficulties: Depression can interfere with the ability to maintain healthy relationships or hold down a job.
